Macros, on 12 June 2023 - 08:33 PM, said:
Like what is Putins end game here?
At the moment, it's to hold on to the gains Russia has made. If Ukraine's current offensive yields only limited gains, he can start to agitate and push for a peace settlement where Russia gets to hold the territories it has taken and Crimea is recognised as Russian in perpetuity (some Russian commentators have suggested he even annexed four oblasts with the express objective of using two of them as bargaining chips later on, but that would make Putin look like he was backing down, which is not really his style), and Ukraine agrees not to join NATO.
The problem is that he is not presenting any reason for Ukraine to accept that. Russia has exhausted a vast amount of its ready military hardware (almost two-thirds of its battle-ready tank complement has been obliterated), and is overwhelmingly reliant on Iranian support (support that will vanish if Israel and the US decide to bomb Iran's nuclear programme, and they will probably spare a few cruise missiles for its weapons factories as well). It effectively has inexhaustible manpower (as in it could mobilise another 3 million troops if it really needed to), but then so does Ukraine, and Russia's "tide of bodies" tactics really don't work against modern weaponry. Economically, if this was just Russia v Ukraine, Russia could outlast Ukraine and win, but Russia v all of NATO and quite a few countries outside it is just comically lopsided, even with Russia trying to expand its economic ties to China and India (who are happy to reap the benefits of that by driving such a hard bargain that Russia is still worse off).
Putin could start to threaten WMDs again, but there is no constructive or viable way to use them on the battlefield without either rendering territory un-conquerable because you've irradiated it, or enraging most of the world, including your own allies.
At the moment Putin's strategy is "hold on tight and see what turns up," which is not really a long-term viable plan, although it might serve in the medium term. If China invades Taiwan and ends up in a massive shooting war with the US in the Pacific, that seismic geopolitical shift might play into Russia's favour in Ukraine. But that is relying a lot on an ally to do something they're not massively keen on, certainly not on a timetable to benefit you.